Energy

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Games

Electricity Games
 * > [[image:http://t3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTg9rqmjtxaPMUPeluW9bO_0K3N1q09Kb9Sgjx7ALww7bo4iDK6 width="190" height="131" caption="The Voltinator Grab the falling electrons and feed them into a circuit to power an electric appliance. Watch out for the sparktrons." link="@http://www.vectorsafety.co.nz/electrical-safety-world/html/voltinator.html"]] || [[image:http://electricityyear3.files.wordpress.com/2011/04/untitled.jpg width="186" height="137" caption="Make the Safe Choice Test your ability to handle electrical hazards in your home with these six tricky situations." link="@http://www.vectorsafety.co.nz/electrical-safety-world/html/safechoice.html"]] ||> [[image:http://www.pgesafetyeducation.com/school/images/game-hidden_dangers_elec_2.jpg width="181" height="128" caption="Find the Hidden Dangers Find the electrical hazards lurking in these neighbourhoods. Earn bonus points for knowing how to correct the dangers." link="@http://www.vectorsafety.co.nz/electrical-safety-world/html/hidden.html"]] || [[image:http://t1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRxpw55J1hHdt92HM2gXEG3MrNokDTN6nR6ID7lMMsqQk4sYxE5qg width="187" height="121" caption="Shock Blocker Block the shock by preventing electricity from reaching the kids." link="@http://www.vectorsafety.co.nz/electrical-safety-world/html/blocker.html"]] ||


 * [[image:http://www.pgesafetyeducation.com/school/images/game-who_can_resist_2.jpg width="186" height="131" link="@http://www.pgesafetyeducation.com/school/games/who_can_resist/index.html"]] || [[image:http://www.pgesafetyeducation.com/school/images/game-breakerbreaker2.jpg width="183" height="128"]] || [[image:http://www.pgesafetyeducation.com/school/images/games-its_not_trivial_2.jpg width="183" height="129" link="@http://www.pgesafetyeducation.com/school/games/trivia_combo/index.html"]] || [[image:http://www.pgesafetyeducation.com/school/images/game-pipewinder_2.jpg width="181" height="128" link="@http://www.pgesafetyeducation.com/school/games/pipewinder/index.html"]] ||

Sustainable Energy Games


 * [[image:http://www.lightbulbs-direct.com/contentimages/homepagepromotions/promo.energysavingcalculator.png width="209" height="69" link="@http://www.vectorsafety.co.nz/sustainable-energy-world/energy_calc/index.html"]] || [[image:http://www.e-smartonline.net/bge/images/home/games_eco-racer.jpg width="198" height="136" link="http://www.vectorsafety.co.nz/sustainable-energy-world/eco-racer/index.html"]] || [[image:http://www.e-smartonline.net/bge/images/guzzler_game_2.gif width="191" height="130" link="@http://www.e-smartonline.net/bge/images/guzzler_game_2.gif"]] || [[image:http://fote.org.au/userfiles/images/Ollies%20World%20Energy%20Saver.jpg width="163" height="124" link="@http://www.olliesworld.com/club/gamehouse.htm"]] ||

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Wednesday 7th Sept 2011 Sources of Energy

Non-renewable energy resources cannot be replaced – once they are used up, they will not be restored (or not for millions of years). Non-renewable energy resources include [|fossil fuels] and nuclear power. http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/chapter08.html

Tuesday 6th Sept 2011

** LI: Understanding how energy is converted to electricity. ** How is energy transferred when you turn on an electrical appliance?



Energy plays a big part in our lives. Next time you travel, play or eat, think about the energy transfers involved. Look around the room you are in. See all the electrical appliances in our world today? All the objects use electricity, which is then converted into other types of energy.

For example, electrical energy from a stereo is converted into sound energy for the music, light energy for the display, and kinetic energy for the vibration of the speakers. To explain how much energy of each type is used we can draw "Sankey" diagrams How is energy transferred through a television set?



Monday 5th Sept 2011 Food as an energy source

What is Energy Balance?
Energy is another word for "calories." Your energy balance is the balance of calories consumed through eating and drinking compared to calories burned through physical activity.

What you eat and drink is ENERGY IN. What you burn through physical activity is ENERGY OUT.

You burn a certain number of calories just by breathing air and digesting food. You also burn a certain number of calories (ENERGY OUT) through your daily routine. For example, children burn calories just being students—walking to their lockers, carrying books, etc.—and adults burn calories walking to the bus stop, going shopping, etc.

An important part of maintaining energy balance is the amount of ENERGY OUT (physical activity) that you do.

People who are more **physically active** burn **more** calories than those who are not as physically active.

 **The same amount of ENERGY IN (calories consumed) and ENERGY OUT**

<span style="color: #0000ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 170%; text-align: center;"> **(calories burned) over time = weight stays the same** <span style="color: #0000ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 170%; text-align: center;"> **More IN than OUT over time = weight gain**

<span style="color: #0000ff; display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 170%; text-align: center;"> **More OUT than IN over time = weight loss**

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 170%;">Your ENERGY IN and OUT don't have to balance every day. It's having a balance **over time** that will help you stay at a healthy weight for the long term.

<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 170%;">Children need to balance their energy, too, but they’re also growing and that should be considered as well. Energy balance in children happens when the amount of ENERGY IN and ENERGY OUT supports natural growth without promoting excess weight gain.

**Estimated Calorie Requirements (in kilocalories) for Each Gender and Age Group at Three Levels of Physical Activity.** ||~ Gender
 * ~ Age (years) ||||||~ Activity Level ||
 * ^  ||~ Sedentary ||~ Moderately Active ||~ Active ||
 * **Child** || 2-3 || 1,000 || 1,000 - 1,400 || 1,000 - 1,400 ||
 * **Female** || 4 - 8 || 1,200 || 1,400 - 1,600 || 1,400 - 1,800 ||
 * **Female** || 9-13 || 1,600 || 1,600 - 2,000 || 1,800 - 2,000 ||
 * **Female** || 14-18 || 1,800 || 2,000 || 2,400 ||
 * **Female** || 19-30 || 2,000 || 2,000 - 2,200 || 2,400 ||
 * **Female** || 31-50 || 1,800 || 2,000 || 2,200 ||
 * **Female** || 51+ || 1,600 || 1,800 || 2,000 - 2,200 ||
 * **Male** || 4-8 || 1,400 || 1,400 - 1,600 || 1,600 - 2,000 ||
 * **Male** || 9-13 || 1,800 || 1,800 - 2,200 || 2,000 - 2,600 ||
 * **Male** || 14-18 || 2,200 || 2,400 - 2,800 || 2,800 - 3,200 ||
 * **Male** || 19-30 || 2,400 || 2,600 - 2,800 || 3,000 ||
 * **Male** || 31-50 || 2,200 || 2,400 - 2,600 || 2,800 - 3,000 ||
 * **Male** || 51+ || 2,000 || 2,200 - 2,400 || 2,400 - 2,800 ||

<span style="color: #06606b; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; font-size: 150%;">Food is where your energy comes from when you are feeling tired and have not had anything to eat.

<span style="color: #06606b; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; font-size: 150%;">It contains chemical energy which is stored in your body until you need to use it, when it is changed into another form.

<span style="color: #06606b; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive; font-size: 150%;">If energy is never lost, then why do we get hungry? We constantly need more energy because some of our energy has been dissipated as thermal energy when we use it. This means it is wasted in heating up the atmosphere, and cannot be retrieved or re-used. However, the energy is not lost, because it’s still in the air somewhere. For example, when we walk, some of our energy became wasted in friction with the ground, which is thermal energy. Whenever energy is used or transported, some of it gets dissipated inevitably. That’s why by the time the electricity from the power station arrives at your house, 70% of it is already wasted.



http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks3bitesize/science/energy_electricity_forces/energy_transfer_storage/revise1.shtml

media type="custom" key="10294647" <span style="color: #ff0050; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 180%;">HEAT ENERGY <span style="color: #f85d77; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">What is heat energy? Heat is not a special substance or material. It is the way substances move. More exactly, it is the movement of atoms. Heat is a form of atomic movement, and movement is a type of energy known as kinetic energy. The more atoms vibrate and move, the greater their heat content. All forms of life need heat to survive.

Heat energy can move from one place to another in different ways. They are conduction, convection and radiation.

Conduction is the way heat is carried through solid materials, for example putting a metal spoon, plastic spoon and wooden spoon in a cup of hot water and seeing how heat is passed through each one. - Energy in the form of heat passes from one molecule to the next along the object. Metals conduct heat well and so are called good conductors. Non-metals, like plastics and wood, are not good conductors and are called insulators.

Convection is the way that heat is carried through liquids and gases, for example, a radiator heating up a whole room is called convection. It is the movement of gases or liquids from a cooler spot to a warmer spot.

<span style="background-color: #e7ff00; color: #d31550; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 200%;">**Sound Energy**

<span style="color: #d31550; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 190%;">**What is sound energy?** <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 180%;">Sound energy is the energy produced by sound vibrations as they travel through a specific medium. Sound vibrations cause waves of pressure which lead to some level of compression and rarefaction in the mediums through which the sound waves travel. <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 180%;">Sound energy is typically not used for electrical power or for other human energy needs because the amount of energy that can be gained from sound is quite small. <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 180%;">Sound does not move, air molecules vibrate which creates a wave like effect. If the red dots were air molecules and sound energy is moving through it you can see that the molecules are just being bumped (vibrated) into each other creating that sound wave. <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 180%;">Sound waves travel through matter - it can be a gas, like air, or a liquid, like water, or a solid, like your heart muscle. When you make a sound, the vibration moves the matter particles around it, which in turn move the next set of particles, carrying the pulse of the vibration in a wave. Sound travels in a longitudinal wave, like a spring and sound travels differently with different materials. <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 180%;">Sound travelling through air is just like 'the wave' that hockey spectators do in a big arena. The wave of people standing up and sitting down travels quickly around the building, but of course no //people// actually travel ... just the energy of their wave.
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 180%;">Sound waves require some kind of material to travel through. They can't move through a vacuum.
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 180%;">Sound waves move much much slower. Their speed in air is about 330 metres per second.
 * <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif; font-size: 180%;">Sound waves are like heat conduction. No particles actually travel.

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The Speed of Sound: Gases: The speed of sound depends upon the properties of the medium it is passing through. When we look at the properties of a gas, we see that only when molecules collide with each other can the condensations and rarefactions of a sound wave move about. So, it makes sense that the speed of sound has the same order of magnitude as the average molecular speed between collisions. In a gas, it is particularly important to know the temperature. This is because at lower temperatures, molecules collide more often, giving the sound wave more chances to move around rapidly. At freezing (0º Celcius), sound travels through air at 331 meters per second (about 740 mph). But, at 20ºC, room temperature, sound travels at 343 meters per second (767 mph). Liquids: Sound travels faster in liquids than in gases because molecules are more tightly packed. In fresh water, sound waves travel at 1,482 meters per second (about 3,315 mph). That's well over 4 times faster than in air! Several ocean-dwelling animals rely upon sound waves to communicate with other animals and to locate food and obstacles. The reason that they are able to effectively use this method of communication over long distances is that sound travels so much faster in water. Solids: Sound travels fastest through solids. This is because molecules in a solid medium are much closer together than those in a liquid or gas, allowing sound waves to travel more quickly through it. In fact, sound waves travel over 17 times faster through steel than through air. The exact speed of sound in steel is 5,960 meters per second (13,332 mph)! But, this is only for the majority of solids. The speed of sound in all solids are not faster than in all liquids.
 * [[image:http://library.thinkquest.org/19537/media/space.gif width="77" height="1"]] || Sound travels at different speeds depending on what it is traveling through. Of the three mediums (gas, liquid, and solid) sound waves travel the slowest through gases, faster through liquids, and fastest through solids. Temperature also affects the speed of sound.

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<span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Lucida Console',Monaco,monospace; font-size: 160%;">Here is why it works. When one person talks into his/her cup, the bottom of the cup vibrates back and forth with the sound waves. Imagine the bottom of the cup moving back and forth very quickly (1,000 times per second or more) with the sound waves of the speaker's voice. The vibrations travel through the string by pulling the string back and forth. Therefore, the bottom of the second cup should start to vibrate back and forth just like the bottom of the first cup is vibrating, producing sound waves. The second person can hear the sound waves and can therefore hear what the first person says.
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Lucida Console',Monaco,monospace; font-size: 160%;">Tin Can Telephone **

<span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Lucida Console',Monaco,monospace; font-size: 160%;">When someone speaks or makes a sound, the air ripples or vibrates. The word 'vibrate' means to move up and down, or back and forth rapidly. Our ears collect the sound vibration, or sound waves and send them to our brains. Then we hear the sound. <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Lucida Console',Monaco,monospace; font-size: 160%;">When you pull the string tight and talk into one of the cans of your tin can telephone, the sound vibrates across the taut string to the other can. The person at the other end of the telephone hears your message after his or her ears collect the sound vibrations and send them to the brain to be processed.

<span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Lucida Console',Monaco,monospace; font-size: 160%;">This is not much different from how a __ [|telephone works] __, except that electric current replaces the string in a telephone. In an old-style telephone, the person speaking vibrates a metal diaphragm. The diaphragm's vibrations rapidly compress and uncompressed carbon granules, changing their resistance. A current passing through the granules is strengthened or lessened by the changing resistance. At the other end, the rapidly changing current runs through a speaker and causes its diaphragm to vibrate back and forth, so the second person hears the first person speaking. See __ [|How Telephones Work] __ for details.

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<span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">Geothermal Energy <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">media type="custom" key="10192601"

<span style="color: #2c2525; font-family: 'Trebuchet MS',Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 190%;">Fossil Fuels

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<span style="color: #008000; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif; font-size: 190%;">Biomass

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Hydro energy

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Wind energy <span style="color: #3890fa; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">What is wind energy? <span style="color: #3890fa; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 21px; line-height: 39px;">For thousands of years people have harnessed the wind's energy. How do you think they have used wind in the past? (clue: ships, to grind wheat, corn and other grains, pumping water and to cut wood). Today we use wind energy to generate electricity. Wind is a renewable fuel because it uses the heat of the sun (solar energy) so there is no fossil fuel needed to make wind.

<span style="color: #3890fa; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 21px; line-height: 39px;">First: How is wind made? <span style="color: #3890fa; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 21px; line-height: 39px;">Turn to your shoulder partner and try explain how you think wind is made, where does it come from?

<span style="color: #3890fa; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 21px; line-height: 39px;">Wind is caused by the uneven heating of the earth's surface by the sun. During the day the air above the land heats up faster than the air above water like oceans and lakes. The air above the water is cooler and heavier. The uneven heating of the air is because the earth is made up of different surfaces and elevations, like the oceans, lakes and rivers, forests and jungles, deserts and mountains. the warm air over the land expands and rises and the cooler air over the water rushes in to take the place of the warmer air creating winds. <span style="color: #3890fa; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;">

<span style="color: #3890fa; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">Second: How wind energy works

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SOLAR ENERGY

What is solar energy? -Solar energy is energy that comes from the sun. -Solar energy is a renewable energy source -We can use the sun's heat energy for solar heating or we can turn its radiation into electricity. -Although the sun is far away its rays are so strong that the energy travels quickly through space to Earth

-The suns radiation is turned into electricity using a special device called a PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) Cell. A group of PV cells are called a solar panel. A PV cell absorbs light from the sun and converts it directly into electricity. The PV cell will continue to produce electricity as long as the sun is shining on it.


 * 1) Sunlight hits the surface of the photovoltaic cell.
 * 2) A material called a semi-conductor converts the light into electricity

<span style="background-color: #ff5900; color: #ffff00; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif; font-size: 150%; line-height: 27px;">Using Solar Energy

- Solar energy can be used to power many things at home from calculators, torches, radios, and toys, they just need PV cells to absorb the light from the sun and convert it into power to make them work. - Solar energy can also be use to heat swimming pools, greenhouses and lights in your garden, driveway and on streets. - Solar energy can be used to power small cars, boats and other forms of transport.

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<span style="background-color: #f85d77; color: #06606b; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">How do we use energy? <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">- Energy at home - for cooking, heating lighting, cooling, washing clothes, washing dishes, entertainment and communication devices. <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif;"> - Energy to move - cars, machinery, your body - to kick a ball, walk etc. <span style="color: #008080; font-family: Impact,Charcoal,sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">You need energy EVERYWHERE. Try think of something you do that does not need energy.

<span style="background-color: #38c1fa; color: #800080; font-family: 'Arial Black',Gadget,sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">Sources of Energy:

<span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">Write down these sources and name beside it if they are a renewable or non-renewable source of energy.

<span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">- Solar energy <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">- Fossil Fuels - coal, oil, natural gas <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">- Wind energy <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">- Thermal energy <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">- Nuclear energy <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">- Hydro energy <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">- Bio fuels <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Lucida Sans Unicode','Lucida Grande',sans-serif; font-size: 170%;">- Geothermal energy

<span style="background-color: #ff6c00; color: #0000ff; font-family: 'arial black'; font-size: 22px; line-height: 33px;">Types and Forms of Energy:

<span style="background-color: #ffff00; color: #0000ff; font-family: 'arial black'; font-size: 22px; line-height: 33px;">There are two types of energy - Kinetic (working) energy and Potential (stored) energy. Potential energy is stored energy and the energy of position. Kinetic energy is motion - of waves, electrons, atoms, molecules, substances and objects.

<span style="background-color: #ffff00; color: #0000ff; font-family: 'arial black'; font-size: 22px; line-height: 33px;">These 7 main forms of energy are either Kinetic or Potential.

1. Radiant energy- kinetic 2. Thermal energy - kinetic 3. Sound energy - kinetic 4. Electrical energy - kinetic 6. Motion energy - kinetic 5.Chemical energy - potential 7. Nuclear energy - potential 8. Mechanical energy - potential 9. Gravitational energy - potential

Non-Renewable Energy - ﻿ Non Renewable energy sources are natural resources that cannot be replenished (made again) in a short period of time. So once you use it you can't use it again.

- The four non-renewable energy sources used most often are: Oil and patroleum products (gasoline, diesel fuel and propane), natural gas, coal - these three are also known as fossil fuels - and uranium (nuclear energy). - Non-renewable energy sources like fossil fuels are relatively cheap and easy to store and transport and we get a lot of useful energy from them. They are also very bad for our environment, the gases that are released when fossil fuels burn pollute the air - that means everytime you get into the car to go somewhere you are using gasoline and therefore are polluting the air so next time you need to drive some where take a moment and think if you can get their by walking or riding a bike?



RENEWABL E ENERGY

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- Renewable energy is.. energy sources that come from natural resources and will not run out because they are naturally replenished, they can be used again and again. - These sources will still be available in the future. They will not run out. - Renewable energy sources can be.. Solar energy, Wind energy, Hydro energy, Biofuels, Geothermal energy

What is ENERGY?

<span style="background-color: #28e256; color: #ff0050; font-family: 'Bodoni MT Black'; font-size: 25px; line-height: 37px;">We need energy to move, to grow and to carry out important life processes.

<span style="background-color: #28e256; color: #ff0050; font-family: 'Bodoni MT Black'; font-size: 25px; line-height: 37px;">Energy is the ability to do work and makes change possible.

<span style="background-color: #28e256; color: #ff0050; font-family: 'Bodoni MT Black'; font-size: 25px; line-height: 37px;">We have learnt how to change energy from one form to another and use it to do work for us and to live more comfortably.

-Energy is EVERYWHERE -Energy makes things happen -Energy is invisible - it cannot be touched, tasted, created or destroyed. Instead it can be felt, heard and seen and it moves from one form of energy to another. -Energy is a vital part of our daily lives. The food we eat gives us the energy we need to move, plants need energy from the sun to grow and reproduce, machines need energy to work. -Energy is the ingredient that enables things to move, heat up or change from one substance into another.